Follow the evolution of the road from path to pavement

The first indications of constructed roads date from about 4000 BC and consist of stone-paved streets at Ur in modern-day Iraq and timber roads preserved in a swamp in Glastonbury, England. Late 1800s Road Builders The road builders of the late 1800s depended solely on stone, gravel, and sand for construction. Water would be used as a binder to give some unity to the road surface. John Metcalfe, a Scot born in 1717, built about 180 miles of roads in Yorkshire, England (even though he was blind). His well-drained roads were built with three layers: large stones; excavated road material; and a layer of gravel. Modern tarred roads were the result of the work of two Scottish engineers, Thomas Telford and John Loudon McAdam. Telford designed the system of raising the foundation of the road in the center to act as a drain for water. Thomas Telford (born 1757) improved the method of building roads with broken stones by analyzing stone thickness, road traffic, road alignment, and gradient slopes. Eventually, his design became the norm for all roads everywhere. John Loudon McAdam (born 1756) designed roads using broken stones laid in symmetrical, tight patterns and covered with small stones to create a hard surface. McAdams design, called macadam roads, provided the greatest advancement in road construction. Asphalt Roads Today, 96% of all paved roads and streets in the U.S. - almost two million miles - are surfaced with asphalt. Almost all paving asphalt used today is obtained by processing crude oils. After everything of value is removed, the leftovers are made into asphalt cement for pavement. Man-made asphalt consists of compounds of hydrogen and carbon with minor proportions of nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen. Natural forming asphalt, or brea, also contains mineral deposits. The first road use of asphalt occurred in 1824 when asphalt blocks were placed on the Champs-Élysà ©es in Paris. Modern road asphalt was the work of Belgian immigrant Edward de Smedt at Columbia University in New York City. By 1872, De Smedt had engineered a modern, well-graded, maximum-density asphalt. The first uses of this road asphalt were in Battery Park and on Fifth Avenue in New York City in 1872 and on Pennsylvania Avenue, Washington D.C., in 1877. History of Parking Meters Carlton Cole Magee invented the first parking meter in 1932 in response to the growing problem of parking congestion. He patented it in 1935 (US patent #2,118,318) and started the Magee-Hale Park-O-Meter Company to manufacturer his parking meters. These early parking meters were produced at factories in Oklahoma City and Tulsa, Oklahoma. The first was installed in 1935 in Oklahoma City. The meters were sometimes met with resistance from citizen groups; vigilantes from Alabama and Texas attempted to destroy the meters en masse. The name Magee-Hale Park-O-Meter Company was later changed to the P.O.M. company, a trademarked name made from the initials of Park-O-Meter. In 1992, POM began marketing and selling the first fully electronic parking meter, the patented APM Advanced Parking Meter, with features such as a free-fall coin chute and a choice of solar or battery power. By definition, traffic control is the supervision of the movement of people, goods, or vehicles to ensure efficiency and safety. For example, in 1935, England established the first 30 MPH speed limit for town and village roads. Rules are one method of controlling traffic, however, many inventions are used to support traffic control. For example, in 1994, William Hartman received a patent for a method and apparatus for painting highway markings or lines. Perhaps the best known of all inventions related to traffic control is traffic lights. Traffic Lights The worlds first traffic lights were installed near Londons House of Commons (intersection of George and Bridge Streets) in 1868. They were invented by J.P. Knight. Among the many early traffic signals or lights created the following are noted: Earnest Sirrine of Chicago, Illinois patented (976,939) perhaps the first automatic street traffic system in 1910. Sirrines system used the nonilluminated words stop and proceed.Lester Wire of Salt Lake City, Utah invented (unpatented) electric traffic lights in 1912 that used red and green lights.James Hoge patented (1,251,666) manually controlled traffic lights in 1913, which were installed in Cleveland, Ohio a year later by the American Traffic Signal Company. Hoges electric-powered lights used the illuminated words stop and move.William Ghiglieri of San Francisco, California patented (1,224,632) perhaps the first automatic traffic signal using colored lights (red and green) in 1917. Ghiglieris traffic signal had the option of being either manual or automatic.Around 1920, William Potts a Detroit policeman invented (unpatented) several automatic electric traffic light systems including an overhanging four-way, red, green, and yellow light system. The first to use a yellow light.Gar rett Morgan received a patent for an inexpensive to produce manual traffic signal in 1923. Dont Walk Signs On February 5, 1952, the first Dont Walk automatic signs were installed in New York City.

Reflection Paper On Writing And Writing - 1085 Words

Writing has consistently been a shortcoming throughout my life. The content of my paper was typically not the issue, the organization of the ideas was. I always had good ideas to write about, but I never knew how to organize those thoughts into a well-organized paper. Although in Writing 101, I used the multiple steps of the writing process to insert my ideas into a well-written paper, I continued to struggle in areas such as grammar and mechanics. In Writ 102, I was able to realize that the writing process develops over time, and the best papers result from revision over time. The multi-step writing process that was required for each paper this semester allowed me to develop fundamental revision skills over time that made my writing reach its full potential. When I was first assigned the analysis essay, I was relieved because I had completed a similar paper in Writing 101 the previous semester. I assumed I had this paper in the bag because it was a familiar topic. When composing the first rough draft, I was focused on reaching the required page count, not the mechanics or content of my paper. I realized, when I reexamined the first draft, that I lacked the primary content of the paper. I did not include an analysis of my product’s advertisement. Since I did not analyze my product’s advertisement at all in my first draft, in my second draft I added two adequate paragraphs that analyzed the ad. By adding the analysis, I rectified the lack of content in my paper, which wasShow MoreRelatedReflection Paper On My Writing5143 Words   |  21 PagesMario Rebottaro ENG 131.72 Nicole Brake Reflection Essay Throughout my semester in English 131, I have gained many improvements to both my writing skills and my writing process. One such improvement was making me think critically on my essays in both this class and another class where we had to write essays. On all of my later self-reviews, I constantly gave way below what I was eventually given, and that helped me so much, by changing my essays so much more than what I would have doneRead MoreReflection Paper On The Formal Writing Assignments983 Words   |  4 Pages Before this class, I was terrified of writing papers. In high school we did not write that much and when we did, we were expected to know how to do it. My teachers never went into as much depth and detail as we did in this class. Writing in general was one of my biggest challenges coming into this class. In class we had to write reflections about ourselves and our week in class. I would always struggle with these because I would never know what to write about or how to start it. HoweverRead MoreCritical Analysis Skills Developed Through Writing a Reflection Paper870 Words   |  4 PagesINTRODUCTION When given the task to write a reflection paper on my experience in this course, I was not sure what to write. I struggled with the idea that I had to write my feelings down about what I had learned in a class that I had to read literature and then interpret those readings into journal entries addressed to my fellow students. This left me a little intimidated. So to start the ideas flowing, I went back to the beginning. I looked up the â€Å"Week One Letter† to the student and re-readRead MoreReflection About Reading And Reflection1090 Words   |  5 Pagestitled: Introductory College Writing. I instantly rolled my eyes and felt annoyed. Even though English as my favorite subject in high school, my favorite part of English was the reading aspect; I have always loathed the writing portion of English. My expectations in this class was I was going to write about a whole bunch of nonsense and hope to pass. But after participating in this course my expectations were thrown out the window. 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As a college student, my writing are about different types ofRead MoreMy Writing : The Reflective Essay Essay1666 Words   |  7 PagesThe Reflective Essay Writing has been one of my favorite hobbies since I was in high school, so I used to spend many hours to writing in my daily journals in Vietnamese. However, when I came to America, I felt more difficult to write and express my thoughts in English because I did not know much vocabularies and lacking grammatical knowledge. Then, I decided to go back to school to improve my writing skills because I recognize the significance of writing in my everyday lives. As a college studentRead MoreEssay on A Reflection Upon My Writing911 Words   |  4 Pageswrite for multiple purposes. Purpose is the key for how my thoughts are dictated on this blank white sheet.† After writing this in my in-class journal discussing my transition from five-paragraph writing to actual formation of thoughts without a specific format, I realized that this process was a larger undertaking than I originally thought. Through endless amounts of essay writing the personal academic improvements that have taken pla ce this quarter are indescribable in comparison to any other academicRead MoreTheory of Writing1719 Words   |  7 PagesWriting varies from a text message to a novel. Writers often have a difficult task in creating a piece of work that truly identifies the meaning of good writing. Every good writer usually starts with the basics such as genre, audience, rhetorical situation, and reflection of the piece. Throughout this semester, we have gone through all of these key terms in great detail with each new assignment that has come our way. In doing this, not only as students but also as writers, we have come to create

Euthanasi Active And Passive Euthanasia - 1562 Words

Euthanasia, also known as voluntary or assisted suicide, is used for terminally ill patients to end their lives instead of undergoing painful treatments and torment of waiting for death. There are, however, two different ways in which A can bring about B’s death. In this essay I will present the distinction between active and passive euthanasia as explained by James Rachels in his article called â€Å"Active and Passive Euthanasia†. I will also debate whether euthanasia is justified or not by presenting arguments both pro and against euthanasia including pain and financial burden as justifications for euthanasia and abuse of rights as against euthanasia. The major distinction described by Rachels would be, simply put, killing and letting die.†¦show more content†¦Rachels argues â€Å"To begin with a familiar type of situation, a patient who is dying of incurable cancer of the throat is in terrible pain†¦ This fact provides strong reason for thinking that†¦ active euthanasia is actually preferable to passive euthanasia, rather than the reverse.† (Rachels, 78) Rachels argument is that there is no moral difference between actively killing a patient and passively allowing the patient to die. For example, killing Joan benefits Bill. Whether Bill kills him directly or lets him die doesn’t affect the morality of the situation. Thus, both the situations would be considered equally immoral. The conclusion following the example above would be that there is no difference between killing (active euthanasia) and letting die (passive euthanasia). According to Rachels, accepting that there is a distinction between active and passive euthanasia would result in decisions about life and death being made on irrelevant grounds. For example, autistic infants sometimes have correctable secondary problems, such as having an intestinal obstruction; but decisions are made to forego corrective surgery (and thus let the infant die) simply because the parents do not want the burden of having an autistic child. In Rachels opinion, passive euthanasia may generally be preferable to active euthanasia which doesn’t seem right. Being allowed to die can be an incredibly painful process. A lethal injection, however, is less painful. Assuming a terminally ill

Globalization A Positive Light - 926 Words

Nowadays, people can share their experiences and buy the same products easily from all over the world. There are growing worries that globalization makes people lose their character. However, globalization`s dominance can be viewed in a positive light. This essay will explain why globalization will not put people in danger of becoming the same. It will then discuss that globalization helps different nations keep their traditional culture and stimulates economic growth in developing countries. Globalization shall be beneficial to every culture because people could show their cultural individuality and enjoy others` cultures with freedom in a worldwide situation. Legrain notes that people are easy to connect others, whenever and wherever they are, which is â€Å"the beauty of globalization.† With the development of globalization, people are freer to interflow their cultural experiences than before, and through this, citizens can enrich their lives (cited in Dixon, 2009:209-14). For example, Hollywood is the maximal film industry in the world. People, wherever they are, also can watch their films and enjoy their movies. Recent years, they not only film their culture movies but also add other countries` culture elements. By the same token, some multinational companies produce all kinds of culture goods and sell them all over the world. Starbucks is one of the examples. They sell and extend American food in the world, but they also keep the special traditional food in o therShow MoreRelatedThe Globalization Paradox By Dani Rodrik1464 Words   |  6 Pages In The Globalization Paradox, Dani Rodrik articulates a reasoned, cohesive argument which calls for the temperament of unbridled, dogmatic globalization as advocated by the current international status quo. The essence of the paradox Rodrik describes is that globalization does indeed offer the opportunity to induce significant growth, but only when the process is done in a manner which takes into account the economic complexities of any specific country. As a clear advocate for the benefits ofRead MoreImpact Of Globalization On Our Society912 Words   |  4 Pages1 Globalization is a term often used to describe the rapid advances in technology that saw a plethora of interaction and integration among government, businesses, and people. This is how I used to think of it, that it brought the world together and made it a better place to live. And it did, for those fortunate enough to be living in the first world. Although globalization brought prosperity to the first world, it was at the expense of the third world. So is it a bad thing? Is it a good thing? TheRead MoreThe Integration Of Globalization907 Words   |  4 PagesThe Relevancy of Globalization The term ‘globalization’ has become the paradigm of explaining the interconnectedness of the world and its inhabitants. While there are numerous definitions, the one coined by Gao Shangquan fits into context: Economic globalization refers to the increasing interdependence of world economies as a result of the growing scale of cross-border trade of commodities and services, flow of international capital and wide and rapid spread of technologies. Since the beginningRead MoreGlobalization And Its Effects On Society1011 Words   |  5 Pagesworld have interacted and integrated with each other. This is called globalization. Globalization has reformed almost every industry and affects billions of lives whether you realize it or not. Around the world, people view international trade as a good thing but this is hindered by concerns about its side effects. 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Investigating this, globalization itself can t be considered in charge of the vast majority of the neediness in creating nations as differentRead MoreGlobalization And Its Impact On Society Essay925 Words   |  4 PagesGlobalization is the process by which different societies, culture, and how regional economies integrate through a worldwide network of political beliefs through communication, marketing, and transportation. Predominately, globalization has made a worldwide impact on many nations in numerous ways such as; politically, economically, as well as socially. Globalization has shaped the independence of various nations, thus leading to worldly affairs based on a global level. Leading to trends in cultureRead MoreThe Cartoonist : A Cartoon From Gibbleguts.com1402 Words   |  6 Pagespeople who protest globalization. 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The first questioned posed by the Committee to the protagonist is, what symbolizesRead MoreImpact Of Trade Liberalization On African Countries Essay1627 Words   |  7 PagesThe scholarship examining the extent at which trade liberalization (henceforth refers to as economic globalization) impacts poverty levels is limited. This essay examines the relationships between economic globalization and poverty levels in African countries. For instance, a 2006 UNDP report illustrates that just 7.2 percent of Bayelsa and Rivers State (Nigeria) residents were poor in 1980, but in 2004, the poverty index figures rose exponentially to 44.3 percent; Nigeria’s national rural povertyRead MoreInternational Institutions And The United Nations1508 Words   |  7 Pagesmeets once in a year discusses important questions relating to the peace and Security, regarding the admissions relating to the new members among other things. The Security Council which is responsible for the decision making has impacted the Globalization as there were several decisions which were taken by the General Assembly has impacted the world trade. †¢ The Secretariat: The Secretariat headed by the Secretary General is assisted by the team of International Civil servants worldwide. The main

America Creates Criminal Law Out Of Social Conflict

I. America creates criminal law out of social conflict. It is believed by many that America produces criminal regulation out of social conflict, meaning that societies are ruled by the wealthy and dominant and that the division between the dominant and inferior is unequal. The dominant class passes laws intended to assist themselves. These same laws are disadvantageous to the inferior class, also known as the working or lower class class. Both the dominant and inferior class commits acts of deviance, but the system that was created by the dominant for the dominant, explains deviance differently for each class. As a result of the conflict, the criminal judicial system judges and penalizes each group differently. The legal system has†¦show more content†¦One example of this is white-collar crimes versus street crimes. The rich engage in white-collar crimes, whereas the poor engage in more armed robbery type of crimes. Both are equally harmful to society. White-collar crimes are not as easily identified as street crimes. Also, white-collar crime perpetrators can use their power and influence to avoid prosecution. Street crimes, which are often committed by lower class, do not have power to influence and avoid prosecution. In addition, the privileged can often afford expensive lawyers and are sometimes on a first-name basis with the individuals in charge of making and enforcing laws, which gives them an advantage. Members of the lower class generally do not have these advantages. Conflict theory also states that the individuals we generally label as irregular are also quite powerless. For example, if we think about the powerless that have no means of financial stability often engage in criminal activity to survive. This activity according to law, which is made by the upper privileged, is considered wrong and requires punishment. Such activity can include prostitution. Prostitution is illegal and the criminal is sentenced to jail, which minimizes their opportunity to progress in society. They now have several sentenced accounts, which makes it harder fro them to fin a good job in the future,

Business Plan Proposal on Bricks Mfg free essay sample

Brick making remains an important industry in many rural and urban areas, but the income it provides can be a very marginal one. Often there are large numbers of producers and the quality of bricks produced can vary greatly. Stabilized Soil Brick technology (also known as Stabilized Compressed Earth Block (SCEB)) allows producers to easily manufacture higher quality bricks and as a result receive a higher income for themselves. What are Stabilized Soil Bricks? Stabilized soil bricks technology offers a cost effective and environmentally sound masonry system. The product has a wide application in construction and is manufactured by compacting earth (murram/sub-soil) mixed with a stabilizer such as cement or lime. A number of manual machines are available which compact the soil to attain dense, even sized masonry. The bricks are then laid out in the sun and cured rather than being fired. Some SSB technology also includes an interlock (called ISSB) resulting in lower mortar costs. The bricks have four key advantages over traditional bricks: 1) Build Quality: SSB allows users to produce uniform blocks of greater strength than typical fired blocks that provide better thermal insulation. Because far less mortar is required, structures don’t have to be plastered, and bricks can be made on site so transportation costs are minimized. 3) Environmental: Because SSBs are cured in the sun, the need for fuel wood is eliminated, helping curb deforestation rates. 4) Appearance: The bricks have an appealing aesthetic with an elegant profile and uniform size that doesn’t require plastering. OBJECTIVES The main objective of this project would be to carry out a comprehensive research on the basic aspects of a bricks manufacturing business, so as to eliminate maximum contingencies that can actually occur in the business in any form, so as to enhance the success probability of the business. Some of the basic objectives of this study are: To carry out marketing, technical and financial feasibility of the business To eliminate risks and thereby increase business success probability To take certain decisions about financing activities of the business To make a valid plan which would be presentable to a bank or a financial ? institution for grant of capital To help me control my degree of accountability and reduce time-wasting indecision To evaluate the firm; the industry growth and industry standards Carrying out a comprehensive study over the imitability, rarity, value preposition, ? and resource capabilities of the business; other incumbent firms. To identify certain threats and opportunities that may hinder the business in ? future. To know the most important focus areas that needs to be concentrated upon for ? the success of the business. To analyze customer satisfaction The primary objective of any new business, unless it is a non-profit organization, is to realize a healthy profit. A business plan delineates the financial goals of the business and lays out its plan for how it intends to reach them. Setting a profit objective that is excessively high may result in poor management and excessive risk, while an objective that is too low may stunt growth. The size of the profit objective should be based on a realistic assessment of market potential. Profit levels are closely related to market share. In large and booming industries, a business may have a small market share yet still realize large profits. In smaller fields, a business needs to fight for market share to keep its profits healthy. An analysis of market share objectives in a business plan reviews the size and condition of the field in which the business will be involved and explains how much market share the business intends to capture and how it plans to accomplish this. Community Involvement Many businesses contribute to their communities by becoming involved in local charities or making donations to the public good. These actions help to keep the community healthy and improve the public profile of the company. Some business plans emphasize this socially responsible aspect of business by including a description of intended community involvement in the business plan itself. Jobs One of the most significant contributions that a business can make to a community is to provide employment opportunities. A comprehensive business plan lays out the companys plans for employees. A business is likely to start small and then add to its staff as it achieves its growth goals. PROJECT DELIVERABLES Whether you are producing products for your customers or reports for your employees, your small business will have projects and those projects must have deliverables. Project deliverables are the tangible products generated from a project. Without deliverables, projects would be pointless; deliverables are why projects are created. However, there are many kinds of project deliverables that are intended for both internal and external stakeholders. Some projects have many deliverables; others just have one. This b-plan study would be able to identify certain flaws that a person may make while pursuing a journey towards a new business. All the advantages, disadvantages, threats, weaknesses, opportunities, and strengths of the business as well as its environment evaluation would be carried out. This would help the business sustain in the real bloodthirsty world of competition and would constantly provide greater value to the customers of the firm by constantly improving the products offered. The study would provide a base for strategic decision making process, which would then be used for making various other decisions like, marketing, financial, etc. The project would be able to evaluate which markets would it be competitive enough to enter to obtain sustainability. Future prospects for the business would be identified which would help business sail through different growth, maturity and decline stages. The B- plan would be documented, which would help develop an organizational culture that would be oriented towards the goals of the business. A successful completion of this B-plan study would yield information, which would help the new business to source capital from various financial institutions and angel investors. LITERATURE REVIEW The construction industry contributes to about 10 % of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), registering an annual growth of about 9 %. Clay fired bricks form the backbone of the construction industry, which is valued at approximately US$ 70. 8 billion. The brick sector in India, although unorganized, is tremendous in size and spread. India is the second largest brick producer (China dominates with 54 % share) in the world. It is continuously expanding on account of a rapid increase in demand for bricks in infrastructure and housing industries. In order to meet this demand, over 150,000 brick units provide direct employment to more than 8 million workers. During the Ninth Five-year Plan period (1997-2002), the annual demand of 170 million bricks per year was estimated to be generating revenues of over US$ 4. 8 billion. Construction sector OVERVIEW Today, India is the second fastest growing economy in the world. The Indian construction industry is an integral part of the economy and a conduit for a substantial part of its development investment, is poised for growth on account of industrialization, urbanization, economic development and peoples rising expectations for improved quality of living. In India, construction is the second largest economic activity after agriculture. Construction accounts for nearly 65 per cent of the total investment in infrastructure and is expected to be the biggest beneficiary of the surge in infrastructure investment over the next five years. Investment in construction accounts for nearly 11 per cent of India’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP). As opportunities in the sector continue to come to the fore, foreign direct investment has been moving upwards. The real estate and construction sectors received FDI of â‚ ¬216. 53 million in the first half of the current fiscal year. The construction industry is a major contributor to the country’s GDP (8% in FY12) and one of the largest employment generators currently employing around 33 million people. While the Indian economy grew by 5% in FY13 as compared to 6. 2% in FY12, the construction industry grew by 5. 9% in FY13 against 5. 6% in FY12. According to a PwC report prepared for the organizers of The Big 5 Construct India, India is expected to emerge as the world’s 3rd largest construction market by 2020. In the last decade, â€Å"the country has witnessed a tremendous housing boom and over the span of five years, from 2012 to 2016, the real estate sector is expected to account for 43% of the construction spend in India. This segment is forecast to achieve a CAGR of 13. 6% during this period. The PwC report estimates that the market for real estate construction segment in India is likely to aggregate to approximately US$ 380 billion over the five year period, 2012 to 2016†, stated Dushyant Singh, Associate Director Strategy from PwC. Policy Improving productivity of enterprises in the unorganized sector The Government in 2004, an interdisciplinary and autonomous body at the highest level to serve as a policy forum for credible and coherent policy initiatives in manufacturing sector, set up the National Manufacturing Competitiveness Council (NMCC). The Council is expected to energise and sustain the growth of manufacturing industries in the country and also help in implementation of strategy. Appropriate technologies in the MSME sector continue to remain a focus area, evident from the plans in the upcoming 12th Five Year Plan. At the national level, it is expected that a technology upgradation fund of Rs2500 crore will be created within the plan for the MSME sector to acquire and upgrade technology Technology and quality upgradation support to MSME Ten schemes were drawn up under the National Manufacturing Competitiveness Programme (NMCP) of which one of the most relevant for the clean upgradation of the brick sector is the Technology and Quality Upgradation Support to MSMEs (TEQUP) which has provisions for: Capacity building of MSME Clusters for Energy Efficiency/Clean Development Interventions and other technologies mandated as per? the global standards. †¢ Implementation of Energy Efficient Technologies (EET) in MSME sector/units. State industrial Promotion Policies Every State in India has an Industrial Promotion Policy that outlines the priority sectors for industrial development and the initiatives of the state to boost these industrial sectors, by providing subsidies and incentives in these sectors. The following are details relevant to the brick sector from two State industrial policies.

Christian Identity and Paul Epistemology-myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theChristian Identity and Paul Corinthian Epistemology. Answer: The followed discussion is based on two documents regarding the identification Christianity according to Corinthian epistemology of Paul. Pauls Corinthian epistemology of Christian identity as viewed by Kathy Ehrensperger and Robert W. Jenson is discussed and analysed in the following discussion aiming to obtain a deep understanding of the meaning of Christian way of living. Ehrensperger, Kathy. 2009. Paul and the Dynamics of Power: Communication and Interaction in the Early Christ-Movement, London New York: TT Clark INternational. Ehrensperger defended Pauls reaction in his letter as an outcome of emotions of a true apostle. Paul in his letter denied the dominance of the Roman elite that was being embrace by some in the Corinthians, as it opposes the value and the way of life as prescribed by Christ. Paul considered the leadership of domination and control is a direct threat to the gospel and the Christian life itself. He embraced the weakness and suffering to remind the Corinthians about the alternative way of life in Christianity and the boundaries of empowering power those surpluses the privileged elite. The Christ way of life and the power of liberating and empowering is meant for all, which is not restricted to the elite of the society as proposed by the super-apostles. These super-apostles considered themselves as superior than others which denies the Christ as it defines all as similar. He strictly opposed the leadership that was being promote by the super-apostles due to its contrasting message to the identity of Christ. Following Christ is not intellectual or religious confession, but a commitment to a way of life. Thus Paul and other Corinthians who opposed the cultural domination that advocated the superiority of some was endured of suffering and acceptance of weakness were the ways they considered to live in accordance with, in order to remain faithful to the gospel and the Christian way of life. The Pauline perception of power and authority does not lies with the dominated group in the society, but with the weak and they follow the Christian way of life and endures suffering. Jenson, R.W. 1967, A Religion Against Itself, Eugene, Origon: Wipf stock (John Knox Press, 23-24. On the other hand, Jenson viewed the antireligious polemic side in Pauls writing. He believed Paul is the Corinthian who best understood the crucifixion of Christ, as we can notice more than once in his writing about it. As we, all know that Christ was crucified on the grounds of blasphemy. Paul described in his writing that humankind live their life looking at the religious calendar, expecting something out of it. He explained that man lives the same life for the whole of his life repeatedly. Religion abolishes the radical newness and sustain man in the comfort zone. It is like living an eternal present. Man looks at religion seeking security in their present and future. The hope that all is set by the religion, and everything will be secure in the future. The good old days will again show its face to the humanity. This is the opposing thought of Christianity, which denies the thought and wants to free humanity from this religious security. Christian way of living demands to take th e risk of the future, as it will bring the risk that man will love. Humanity should not cling to the past and move forward. The seasons may not return in the process of change, but how does it matters, as the change will be towards the new. Both the documents proposed different but connected point of view that was propose by Paul. Both the authors Presented anticipation of Paul of the way of living as recommended by Christianity. Both the points can be connected as the humanity cannot evolve separately and the society has to work along to evolve. Hence, to supplement the second thought, man has to follow the first.